Eastern Cluster - Oviposited as clusters of non-pigmented ova flowing water sympatric: none within group.In higher altitudes in southwestern Virginia (Organ, 1961a).Ĭlutch size - There is variation in egg numbers, ranging from 13–34 with means ranging fromĪltig & McDiarmid 2015 - Classification and Description: Females lay eggsĮvery year in Maryland (Danstedt, 1975) and North Carolina (Spight, 1967c), but may be biennial (Krzysik, 1980a,b) and late June to mid August in Viriginia (Organ, 1961a). June–24 September in Massachusetts (Wilder, 1913) July–September in southwestern Pennsylvania Indiana (Minton, 1972, 2001) early June to early August in Maryland (Danstedt, 1975, 1979) 11 In other parts of their range, eggs have been found from 28 June–5 October in The third week in June to the end of August, and embryos hatch from late August to mid October In eastern Tennessee, females oviposit from Median incubation period of 47 d (Juterbock, 1986). Kentucky and southeastern Ohio oviposit during July, and the eggs incubate for 46–61 d with a Two weeks in July and the embryos hatch from early September to mid October (Wood andįitzmaurice, 1948 Dennis, 1962 Orr and Maple, 1978 Juterbock, 1986). Salamanders from early June to late August (Wilder, 1913). Maryland Salamanders lay eggs from June to early August (Danstedt, 1975) and New York Adults mateĭuring the fall and spring in Virginia (Organ, 1961a) and New York (Bishop, 1941b).īreeding habitat - Same as adult habitat.Įgg deposition sites - Eggs are attached to the undersides of rocks, logs, or other substrates In springs and are not known to undertake extensive migrations (Bishop, 1941b). There haveīreeding migrations - Northern dusky Salamanders commonly live within a few feet of streams or Populations, but the species is wide ranging and ubiquitous in small stream valleys. Throughout their New England and midwestern ranges, urbanization has extirpated many Salamander larvae are absent from many streams that drain coal strip mines (Gore, 1983). Historical versus Current Abundance - In eastern Kentucky and Tennessee, northern dusky No reductions have been noted in the geographical distribution of Brown, 1992 Petranka,ġ998 Means, this volume). Into northern Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi (Rossman, 1958 E.E. Salamanders, extending from extreme southern Illinois, western Kentucky, and western Tennessee Salamanders range from the contact zone to the southwest of the range of northern dusky Kentucky to western South Carolina (see Karlin and Guttman, 1986 Petranka, 1998). conanti) that extends southeast from the Cumberland River in western Of Northern Dusky Salamanders are a poorly delineated contact zone between northern and spottedĭusky Salamanders (D. Ontario, in southeastern Québec, and in southern New Brunswick. Northern dusky Salamanders also occur in Canada, and are found in Niagara Gorge in Southeastern Indiana, eastern Kentucky, eastern Tennessee, and western North Carolina (Petranka,ġ998). Salamanders (Desmognathus fuscus) extends in the United States southwest from Maine, through NewĮngland, New York, and Pennsylvania to Virginia, then west to southern and eastern Ohio, Historical versus Current Distribution - The geographic distribution of northern dusky There are usually 14 costal grooves and aboutĤ intercostal folds between the toes of the appressed limbs. #Desmognathus fluctus seriesUsually without a series of small light dots. Limited on either side by dark-edged semicircular or worm-like markings. If the dorsal band is present then it has irregular edges or is Physical Description - The back is yellowish-brown to nearly black, often
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